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From the Business Pages：意味つき英単語・英語表現58語
- tailwinda favorable force that helps progress
- downturna decline in economic or business activity
- earningsa company's profits over a period
- guidancea company's forecast of its future results
- layoffsjob cuts made by an employer
- divestitureselling off part of a business
- spinoffa new company created from part of an existing one
- shareholdera person or institution that owns shares in a company
- buybacka company repurchasing its own shares
- sell-offa rapid sale of many investments, pushing prices down
- rallya period of rising prices after a decline
- bull marketa period of rising prices and optimism
- bear marketa period of falling prices and pessimism
- fiscalrelating to government spending and taxes
- monetaryrelating to money and interest rates
- tariffa tax on imported goods
- subsidygovernment money given to support an industry
- bottlenecka point where flow is restricted, slowing everything
- incumbent firman established company already leading a market
- moata lasting advantage that protects a business from rivals
- unicorna private startup valued at over a billion dollars
- soft landingslowing an economy without causing a recession
- overheatingan economy growing too fast, fueling inflation
- consumer confidencehow optimistic people feel about spending
- outlooka forecast of what is likely to happen
- lucrativeproducing a lot of money
- cash cowa business that reliably produces steady profits
- antitrustlaws that prevent monopolies and promote competition
- stakeholder capitalismthe idea that companies should serve all affected groups, not only shareholders
- upsidethe potential for gain
- downsidethe potential for loss
- guidance cuta lowered forecast from a company
- profit warningan announcement that profits will be lower than expected
- beat expectationsto do better than analysts predicted
- miss estimatesto do worse than analysts predicted
- blue chipdescribing large, reliable, well-known companies
- penny stocka very cheap, risky share
- short selleran investor betting a share price will fall
- asset classa category of investments such as stocks or bonds
- diversifyto spread investments to reduce risk
- capital expendituremoney spent on long-term assets
- top linea company's total revenue
- year-on-yearcompared with the same period last year
- quartera three-month period used for reporting
- offshoringmoving work to another country
- reshoringbringing work back to the home country
- inflationarycausing prices to rise
- rate hikean increase in interest rates
- rate cuta decrease in interest rates
- bailoutfinancial rescue of a failing company or country
- contagionfinancial trouble spreading from one place to others
- bubbleprices rising far above real value
- correctiona drop in prices after a rise, often about 10%
- crasha sudden severe fall in prices
- havenan investment seen as safe in turbulent times
- ESGenvironmental, social and governance standards
- turnarounda recovery after a bad period
- disruptora newcomer that upends an industry
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